Overview of the Development of Power Batteries

it can be divided into lead-acid batteries, nickel hydrogen batteries, and lithium-ion batteries. Lithium ion batteries can also be divided into iron phosphate lithium-ion batteries and ternary lithium-ion batteries. Lead acid batteries and nickel hydrogen batteries are no longer suitable for most pure electric vehicles due to their low energy density. Lithium ion batteries are currently one of the most technologically advanced batteries. This type of battery has high energy density and long lifespan. As a type of lithium-ion battery, iron phosphate lithium-ion batteries are safe, low-cost, and have a long lifespan, but their energy density is low and their low-temperature charging efficiency is low; Ternary lithium-ion batteries have high energy density and long cycle life, but low thermal stability and poor safety. The physical image of a certain model of lithium-ion battery pack is shown in Figure 5, and the relative position of the lithium-ion battery in the electric vehicle (bottom center) is shown in Fi

With the growth of sales of new energy vehicles, the installed capacity of power batteries has also continued to grow, rapidly increasing from 0.35GWh in 2011 to 63.6GWh in 2020. From January to October 2022, the cumulative installed capacity of power batteries in China was 224.2 GWh, a year-on-year increase of 108.7%. Among them, the installed capacity of lithium iron phosphate batteries is 136.0 GWh, accounting for 60.6% of the total installed capacity, with a year-on-year increase of 155.6% [4], showing a rapid growth and development trend. The top 15 (GWh) installed power batteries in China from January to October 2022 .

The power battery of new energy vehicles accounts for 40% of the total vehicle cost. In addition, the cost of power batteries has significantly increased since 2021, making it an important factor affecting the overall vehicle price. In order to improve sales performance and avoid the burden on customers, the country and enterprises will accelerate the research and development of low-cost power batteries in the future

The biggest obstacle currently hindering the development of new energy vehicle power batteries is insufficient energy density and the inability to meet user requirements for battery life, which has led to some people still choosing fuel vehicles. To meet user needs, the energy density of power batteries will continue to increase to enhance the competitiveness of electric vehicles

The “SOC” parameter, also known as “State of Charge”, means the remaining power. Although new energy vehicles have undergone more than a decade of development, the accuracy of this parameter calculation is still insufficient, becoming one of the factors that users are concerned about when purchasing new energy vehicles. To meet demand, increase sales, and earn more profits, the accuracy of SOC parameters will be improved

Currently, China has not yet formed an effective system for recycling power batteries, which not only pollutes the environment but also wastes battery resources. In the future, the country and enterprises will strengthen the research and development of power battery recycling technology, and establish a systematic and complete power battery recycling system